Protesters gather outside the Lahore Press Club in the capital of Pakistan’s Punjab province, to demand justice for victims of sexual violence. Credit: Irfan Ahmed / IPS
UNITED NATIONS, Feb 15 2018 (IPS) – Persistent and pervasive gender-based discrimination is undermining sustainable development and preventing communities and countries from reaching their full potential, said a UN agency.
In a new first-of-its-kind report, UN Women examines the progress in realizing the globally adopted Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through a gender lens.
Though SDG 5 specifically highlights the need to achieve gender equality, the report points to worrisome trends in the implementation of all 17 SDGs and calls on the international community to accelerate its efforts.
“Unless progress on gender equality is accelerated, the global community will fail to achieve the SDGs,” UN Women Research and Data Specialist and author of the report Ginette Azcona told IPS.
1 in 5 Say #MeToo
Among the issues highlighted in the report is sexual harassment and violence.
UN Women found that approximately one in five women and girls aged 15 to 49 from around the world have experienced physical and/or sexual violence by an intimate partner within the last 12 months.
However, 49 countries still do not have laws that protect women from such violence.
The issue has gained international spotlight in recent months with millions rallying behind the #MeToo campaign which aims to reveal the magnitude of sexual harassment and other forms of violence that women all over the world experience every day.
Though the original #MeToo movement was launched ten years ago by activist Tarana Burke, the recent viral campaign has inspired many to come forward with their stories, including those who have exposed celebrities and public officials.
“The women’s movement has been working for many years to raise awareness of the different forms of violence ad abuse faced by women and girls. The current spotlight is therefore a welcomed insertion of energy to this important but too often neglected area,” Azcona told IPS.
Such attention will help advance a number of SDGs such as access to safe public spaces, she added.
Intersectional-Issue Lives
UN Women particularly pointed to the the report’s figures on poverty which reveal a persistent gap between women and men.
In 89 countries, 4.4 million more women than men live on less than 1.90 dollars a day.
This is partially due to the disproportionate burden of unpaid care and domestic work that women face, especially during their reproductive years.
Poverty often does not stand alone in the lives of women and girls as different dimensions of well-being, deprivation, and even racial identity often intersect.
For instance, a girl who is born into a poor household is more likely to be forced into early marriage and thus more likely to drop out of school, give birth at an early age, suffer complications during childbirth, and experience violence than a girl from a higher-income household.
“It is the intersection of gender with other forms of discrimination that pushes women and girls from poor and marginalized groups even further behind,” Azcona said.
In the United States, race and income are deeply intertwined.
UN Women found that Black, Hispanic, and Native American or Alaska Native women are more likely to live in poverty. The rates of poverty are highest for Black women at almost 24 percent.
Women who find themselves in the bottom of the income distribution are least likely to be employed and thus lack access to health insurance.
As the range of deprivations that women face span all 17 SDGs, the report highlights the need to make progress on more than the goal to achieve gender equality.
“Progress on some fronts may be undermined by regression and stagnation on others, and potential synergies may be lost if siloed approaches to implementation take precedence over integrated, multi-sectoral strategies,” it states.
Among the report’s recommendations for action is for governments to create and implement integrated policies.
For instance, providing free and universal child care to women would allow them to access employment and income and improve the family’s health and well-being.
Universal childcare can also create generate new jobs and revenue.
Azcona also highlighted the need for spaces for democratic debate in order to hold governments accountable on their promises, including a sustained involvement of women’s organizations.
“Addressing violence and inequality after all is key to greater social and political stability,” she said.
